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thyrotoxicosis

Clinical symptoms arising from increased secretion of thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism

TIA

Transient ischaemic attack; a brief interruption of the blood supply to part of the brain, which causes temporary impairment of vision, speech, sensation or movement..

Tietze’s syndrome

Chest pain accompanied by swelling due to inflammation of cartilage connecting a rib to the sternum (costochondritis)

tinea

A fungal infection of the skin, such as ringworm.

tinnitus

A ringing, hissing, buzzing or other noise heard in the ear when there is no such noise in the environment.

tissue

A group of cells with a similar structure and a specialised function.

tissue typing

A set of tests used to determine whether a patient is a good match to a potential donor.

TMJ

abreviation for temporomandibular joint

TN

trigeminal neuralgia

TNF

An abbreviation for tumour necrosis factor, a protein that stimulates inflammation and causes cells to die.

Toloso-Hunt syndrome

A rare disorder causing sharp, intense pain and paralysis of the muscles around the eye. Symptoms are usually limited to one side of the head.

tonsillitis

Inflammation of the tonsils, lymphatic tissues at the back of the throat

tophus

Nodular masses of uric acid crystals that are most commonly seen in conjunction with gout.

torsion

A term that means twisting.

torticollis

A stiff neck caused by spasm or tightening of the neck muscles

total body irradiation

A type of radiotherapy given to the whole body to destroy bone marrow cells in preparation for stem cell or bone marrow transplantation.

total colectomy

Removal of the entire large intestine or colon.

toxic amblyopia

damage to the optic nerve caused by the absorption of toxins.

toxic epidermal necrolysis

A rare, life-threatening dermatological condition that is usually induced by medication. it is characterised by the detachment of the top layer of skin from the lower levels all over the body.

toxic megacolon

Severe inflammation and widening of the colon, which allows bacterial toxins to pass across the colon wall and into the circulation.

toxin

A substance poisonous to the body.

toxoplasmosis

An infection caused by the protozoa Toxoplasma Gondi.

trachea

The windpipe.

tracheitis

Inflammation of the trachea or windpipe.