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carcinoma

A malignant tumour (cancer) that is formed from the epithelium, the tissue that covers the open surfaces of organs.

cardiac

Relating to the heart

cardiac enzymes

Enzymes released by damaged heart muscle. Detecting raised levels in the blood stream helps to confirm the diagnosis of a heart attack.

cardiac rehabilitation

A staged programme of exercise and lifestyle changes to help recovery from a heart attack and help to prevent a repeat heart attack.

cardioembolism

A blood clot originating in the heart.

cardiogenic shock

A lack of sufficient blood supply to the vital organs due to cardiac pump failure.

cardiomyopathy

Inflammation of the heart muscle

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Emergency life support, with artificial respiration and cardiac massage.

cardiorespiratory

Relating to the heart and lungs.

cardiovascular disease

Disease of the heart and blood vessels, usually due to atherosclerosis.

cardiovascular system

The body system consisting of the heart and blood vessels.

cardioversion

A procedure to correct an abnormal heart rhythm, by either a controlled shock or medication.

carotico-cavernous

The space behind the eye responsible for blood flow.

carotid arteries

The two main arteries in the neck.

carotid artery

One of the two main arteries found on either side of the neck.

carotid body

A small organ attached to the carotid arteries in the neck and containing specialised cells that detect the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

carotid endarterectomy

Removal of atherosclerotic plaque from the inner wall of one of the carotid arteries, the two main arteries in the neck.

carotid intima-media thickness

A measure of the thickness of the wall of the carotid artery.

carotid sinus

A dilated portion of one of the major arteries that carries blood to the brain.

carpal tunnel syndrome

Numbness, tingling, and pain in the thumb, index finger and middle fingers caused by a compression of the median nerve at the wrist.

cat scratch fever

An uncommon disease that develops after a scratch or bite from a cat.

cataract

Loss of transparency of the lens of the eye.

catechin

A compound extracted from plants.

catecholamines

Hormones produced by the adrenal glands. They are released into the blood in times of physical or emotional stress.